diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/agnph.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/agnph.py
index 2c45bf3a..fbf6c6a7 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/agnph.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/agnph.py
@@ -9,10 +9,8 @@
 """Extractors for https://agn.ph/"""
 
 from . import booru
-from .. import text
-
+from .. import text, util
 import collections
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?agn\.ph"
 
@@ -72,7 +70,7 @@ class AgnphExtractor(booru.BooruExtractor):
             return
 
         tags = collections.defaultdict(list)
-        pattern = re.compile(r'class="(.)typetag">([^<]+)')
+        pattern = util.re(r'class="(.)typetag">([^<]+)')
         for tag_type, tag_name in pattern.findall(tag_container):
             tags[tag_type].append(text.unquote(tag_name).replace(" ", "_"))
         for key, value in tags.items():
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/arcalive.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/arcalive.py
index b1b32600..b7181fe0 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/arcalive.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/arcalive.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message
 from .. import text, util, exception
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?arca\.live"
 
@@ -65,8 +64,8 @@ class ArcalivePostExtractor(ArcaliveExtractor):
     def _extract_files(self, post):
         files = []
 
-        for video, media in self._extract_media(post["content"]):
-
+        for video, media in util.re(r"<(?:img|vide(o)) ([^>]+)").findall(
+                post["content"]):
             if not self.emoticons and 'class="arca-emoticon"' in media:
                 continue
 
@@ -113,11 +112,6 @@ class ArcalivePostExtractor(ArcaliveExtractor):
 
         return files
 
-    def _extract_media(self, content):
-        ArcalivePostExtractor._extract_media = extr = re.compile(
-            r"<(?:img|vide(o)) ([^>]+)").findall
-        return extr(content)
-
 
 class ArcaliveBoardExtractor(ArcaliveExtractor):
     """Extractor for an arca.live board's posts"""
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/batoto.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/batoto.py
index a1ad3ae8..03f103aa 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/batoto.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/batoto.py
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://bato.to/"""
 
 from .common import Extractor, ChapterExtractor, MangaExtractor
-from .. import text, exception
-import re
+from .. import text, util, exception
 
 BASE_PATTERN = (r"(?:https?://)?("
                 r"(?:ba|d|f|h|j|m|w)to\.to|"
@@ -104,9 +103,9 @@ class BatotoChapterExtractor(BatotoBase, ChapterExtractor):
             info = text.remove_html(extr('link-hover">', "</"))
         info = text.unescape(info)
 
-        match = re.match(
+        match = util.re(
             r"(?i)(?:(?:Volume|S(?:eason)?)\s*(\d+)\s+)?"
-            r"(?:Chapter|Episode)\s*(\d+)([\w.]*)", info)
+            r"(?:Chapter|Episode)\s*(\d+)([\w.]*)").match(info)
         if match:
             volume, chapter, minor = match.groups()
         else:
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/blogger.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/blogger.py
index ef117da7..e755ea1b 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/blogger.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/blogger.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 
 from .common import BaseExtractor, Message
 from .. import text, util
-import re
 
 
 class BloggerExtractor(BaseExtractor):
@@ -33,13 +32,13 @@ class BloggerExtractor(BaseExtractor):
         blog["date"] = text.parse_datetime(blog["published"])
         del blog["selfLink"]
 
-        sub = re.compile(r"(/|=)(?:[sw]\d+|w\d+-h\d+)(?=/|$)").sub
-        findall_image = re.compile(
+        sub = util.re(r"(/|=)(?:[sw]\d+|w\d+-h\d+)(?=/|$)").sub
+        findall_image = util.re(
             r'src="(https?://(?:'
             r'blogger\.googleusercontent\.com/img|'
             r'lh\d+(?:-\w+)?\.googleusercontent\.com|'
             r'\d+\.bp\.blogspot\.com)/[^"]+)').findall
-        findall_video = re.compile(
+        findall_video = util.re(
             r'src="(https?://www\.blogger\.com/video\.g\?token=[^"]+)').findall
         metadata = self.metadata()
 
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/deviantart.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/deviantart.py
index cf0de99d..461d5b07 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/deviantart.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/deviantart.py
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import collections
 import mimetypes
 import binascii
 import time
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = (
     r"(?:https?://)?(?:"
@@ -66,10 +65,13 @@ class DeviantartExtractor(Extractor):
         if self.quality:
             if self.quality == "png":
                 self.quality = "-fullview.png?"
-                self.quality_sub = re.compile(r"-fullview\.[a-z0-9]+\?").sub
+                self.quality_sub = util.re(r"-fullview\.[a-z0-9]+\?").sub
             else:
                 self.quality = ",q_{}".format(self.quality)
-                self.quality_sub = re.compile(r",q_\d+").sub
+                self.quality_sub = util.re(r",q_\d+").sub
+
+        if self.intermediary:
+            self.intermediary_subn = util.re(r"(/f/[^/]+/[^/]+)/v\d+/.*").subn
 
         if isinstance(self.original, str) and \
                 self.original.lower().startswith("image"):
@@ -271,7 +273,7 @@ class DeviantartExtractor(Extractor):
             )
 
         # filename metadata
-        sub = re.compile(r"\W").sub
+        sub = util.re(r"\W").sub
         deviation["filename"] = "".join((
             sub("_", deviation["title"].lower()), "_by_",
             sub("_", deviation["author"]["username"].lower()), "-d",
@@ -666,8 +668,7 @@ x2="45.4107524%" y2="71.4898596%" id="app-root-3">\
         if content["src"].startswith("https://images-wixmp-"):
             if self.intermediary and deviation["index"] <= 790677560:
                 # https://github.com/r888888888/danbooru/issues/4069
-                intermediary, count = re.subn(
-                    r"(/f/[^/]+/[^/]+)/v\d+/.*",
+                intermediary, count = self.intermediary_subn(
                     r"/intermediary\1", content["src"], 1)
                 if count:
                     deviation["is_original"] = False
@@ -682,8 +683,8 @@ x2="45.4107524%" y2="71.4898596%" id="app-root-3">\
     @staticmethod
     def _find_folder(folders, name, uuid):
         if uuid.isdecimal():
-            match = re.compile(name.replace(
-                "-", r"[^a-z0-9]+") + "$", re.IGNORECASE).match
+            match = util.re(
+                "(?i)" + name.replace("-", "[^a-z0-9]+") + "$").match
             for folder in folders:
                 if match(folder["name"]):
                     return folder
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/dynastyscans.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/dynastyscans.py
index e24b6435..4551d505 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/dynastyscans.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/dynastyscans.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 
 from .common import ChapterExtractor, MangaExtractor, Extractor, Message
 from .. import text, util
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?dynasty-scans\.com"
 
@@ -47,12 +46,11 @@ class DynastyscansChapterExtractor(DynastyscansBase, ChapterExtractor):
 
     def metadata(self, page):
         extr = text.extract_from(page)
-        match = re.match(
-            (r"(?:<a[^>]*>)?([^<]+)(?:</a>)?"  # manga name
-             r"(?: ch(\d+)([^:<]*))?"  # chapter info
-             r"(?:: (.+))?"),  # title
-            extr("<h3 id='chapter-title'><b>", "</b>"),
-        )
+        match = util.re(
+            r"(?:<a[^>]*>)?([^<]+)(?:</a>)?"  # manga name
+            r"(?: ch(\d+)([^:<]*))?"  # chapter info
+            r"(?:: (.+))?"  # title
+        ).match(extr("<h3 id='chapter-title'><b>", "</b>"))
         author = extr(" by ", "</a>")
         group = extr('"icon-print"></i> ', '</span>')
 
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/everia.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/everia.py
index d7e097d0..9bae49ca 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/everia.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/everia.py
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://everia.club"""
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message
-from .. import text
-import re
+from .. import text, util
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?everia\.club"
 
@@ -26,7 +25,7 @@ class EveriaExtractor(Extractor):
         return self._pagination(self.groups[0])
 
     def _pagination(self, path, params=None, pnum=1):
-        find_posts = re.compile(r'thumbnail">\s*<a href="([^"]+)').findall
+        find_posts = util.re(r'thumbnail">\s*<a href="([^"]+)').findall
 
         while True:
             if pnum == 1:
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ class EveriaPostExtractor(EveriaExtractor):
         url = self.root + self.groups[0] + "/"
         page = self.request(url).text
         content = text.extr(page, 'itemprop="text">', "<h3")
-        urls = re.findall(r'img.*?src="([^"]+)', content)
+        urls = util.re(r'img.*?src="([^"]+)').findall(content)
 
         data = {
             "title": text.unescape(
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/fanbox.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/fanbox.py
index 7d5ab5ee..6964db00 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/fanbox.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/fanbox.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 from .common import Extractor, Message
 from .. import text, util
 from ..cache import memcache
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?fanbox\.cc"
 USER_PATTERN = (
@@ -211,7 +210,7 @@ class FanboxExtractor(Extractor):
         num = 0
         cover_image = post.get("coverImageUrl")
         if cover_image:
-            cover_image = re.sub("/c/[0-9a-z_]+", "", cover_image)
+            cover_image = util.re("/c/[0-9a-z_]+").sub("", cover_image)
             final_post = post.copy()
             final_post["isCoverImage"] = True
             final_post["fileUrl"] = cover_image
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/gelbooru_v02.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/gelbooru_v02.py
index 953bd4ec..f136e030 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/gelbooru_v02.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/gelbooru_v02.py
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@
 
 from . import booru
 from .. import text, util, exception
-
 import collections
-import re
 
 
 class GelbooruV02Extractor(booru.BooruExtractor):
@@ -77,7 +75,7 @@ class GelbooruV02Extractor(booru.BooruExtractor):
         params["pid"] = self.page_start * self.per_page
 
         data = {}
-        find_ids = re.compile(r"\sid=\"p(\d+)").findall
+        find_ids = util.re(r"\sid=\"p(\d+)").findall
 
         while True:
             page = self.request(url, params=params).text
@@ -108,8 +106,7 @@ class GelbooruV02Extractor(booru.BooruExtractor):
             return
 
         tags = collections.defaultdict(list)
-        pattern = re.compile(
-            r"tag-type-([^\"' ]+).*?[?;]tags=([^\"'&]+)", re.S)
+        pattern = util.re(r"(?s)tag-type-([^\"' ]+).*?[?;]tags=([^\"'&]+)")
         for tag_type, tag_name in pattern.findall(tag_container):
             tags[tag_type].append(text.unescape(text.unquote(tag_name)))
         for key, value in tags.items():
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/generic.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/generic.py
index 4b04732f..bc108c00 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/generic.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/generic.py
@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@
 """Generic information extractor"""
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message
-from .. import config, text
+from .. import config, text, util
 import os.path
-import re
 
 
 class GenericExtractor(Extractor):
@@ -172,8 +171,8 @@ class GenericExtractor(Extractor):
             r"(?:[^\"'<>\s]*)?"            # optional query and fragment
         )
 
-        imageurls_src = re.findall(imageurl_pattern_src, page)
-        imageurls_ext = re.findall(imageurl_pattern_ext, page)
+        imageurls_src = util.re(imageurl_pattern_src).findall(page)
+        imageurls_ext = util.re(imageurl_pattern_ext).findall(page)
         imageurls = imageurls_src + imageurls_ext
 
         # Resolve relative urls
@@ -182,8 +181,8 @@ class GenericExtractor(Extractor):
         # by prepending a suitable base url.
         #
         # If the page contains a <base> element, use it as base url
-        basematch = re.search(
-            r"(?i)(?:<base\s.*?href=[\"']?)(?P<url>[^\"' >]+)", page)
+        basematch = util.re(
+            r"(?i)(?:<base\s.*?href=[\"']?)(?P<url>[^\"' >]+)").search(page)
         if basematch:
             self.baseurl = basematch.group('url').rstrip('/')
         # Otherwise, extract the base url from self.url
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/hatenablog.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/hatenablog.py
index 792f6664..7c899061 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/hatenablog.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/hatenablog.py
@@ -6,9 +6,8 @@
 
 """Extractors for https://hatenablog.com"""
 
-import re
 from .common import Extractor, Message
-from .. import text
+from .. import text, util
 
 
 BASE_PATTERN = (
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ class HatenablogExtractor(Extractor):
         self.domain = match.group(1) or match.group(2)
 
     def _init(self):
-        self._find_img = re.compile(r'<img +([^>]+)').finditer
+        self._find_img = util.re(r'<img +([^>]+)').finditer
 
     def _handle_article(self, article: str):
         extr = text.extract_from(article)
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ class HatenablogEntriesExtractor(HatenablogExtractor):
 
     def _init(self):
         HatenablogExtractor._init(self)
-        self._find_pager_url = re.compile(
+        self._find_pager_url = util.re(
             r' class="pager-next">\s*<a href="([^"]+)').search
 
     def items(self):
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/hentai2read.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/hentai2read.py
index 1317ce98..89b982c7 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/hentai2read.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/hentai2read.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 
 from .common import ChapterExtractor, MangaExtractor
 from .. import text, util
-import re
 
 
 class Hentai2readBase():
@@ -31,8 +30,9 @@ class Hentai2readChapterExtractor(Hentai2readBase, ChapterExtractor):
         chapter_id, pos = text.extract(page, 'data-cid="', '"', pos)
         chapter, sep, minor = self.groups[1].partition(".")
 
-        match = re.match(r"Reading (.+) \(([^)]+)\) Hentai(?: by (.*))? - "
-                         r"([^:]+): (.+) . Page 1 ", title)
+        match = util.re(
+            r"Reading (.+) \(([^)]+)\) Hentai(?: by (.*))? - "
+            r"([^:]+): (.+) . Page 1 ").match(title)
         if match:
             manga, type, author, _, title = match.groups()
         else:
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/hentaihere.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/hentaihere.py
index ba9558c0..cf0342df 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/hentaihere.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/hentaihere.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 
 from .common import ChapterExtractor, MangaExtractor
 from .. import text, util
-import re
 
 
 class HentaihereBase():
@@ -34,8 +33,9 @@ class HentaihereChapterExtractor(HentaihereBase, ChapterExtractor):
         title = text.extr(page, "<title>", "</title>")
         chapter_id = text.extr(page, 'report/C', '"')
         chapter, sep, minor = self.chapter.partition(".")
-        pattern = r"Page 1 \| (.+) \(([^)]+)\) - Chapter \d+: (.+) by (.+) at "
-        match = re.match(pattern, title)
+        match = util.re(
+            r"Page 1 \| (.+) \(([^)]+)\) - Chapter \d+: (.+) by "
+            r"(.+) at ").match(title)
         return {
             "manga": match.group(1),
             "manga_id": text.parse_int(self.manga_id),
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/hiperdex.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/hiperdex.py
index f15aab71..de04be3e 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/hiperdex.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/hiperdex.py
@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@
 """Extractors for https://hiperdex.com/"""
 
 from .common import ChapterExtractor, MangaExtractor
-from .. import text
+from .. import text, util
 from ..cache import memcache
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = (r"((?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?"
                 r"(?:1st)?hiper(?:dex|toon)\d?\.(?:com|net|info|top))")
@@ -80,10 +79,10 @@ class HiperdexChapterExtractor(HiperdexBase, ChapterExtractor):
         return self.chapter_data(self.chapter)
 
     def images(self, page):
+        pattern = util.re(r'id="image-\d+"\s+(?:data-)?src="([^"]+)')
         return [
             (url.strip(), None)
-            for url in re.findall(
-                r'id="image-\d+"\s+(?:data-)?src="([^"]+)', page)
+            for url in pattern.findall(page)
         ]
 
 
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/hitomi.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/hitomi.py
index 086b77c1..7b362be2 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/hitomi.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/hitomi.py
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ from .nozomi import decode_nozomi
 from ..cache import memcache
 from .. import text, util
 import string
-import re
 
 
 class HitomiExtractor(Extractor):
@@ -257,8 +256,8 @@ def _parse_gg(extr):
     m = {}
 
     keys = []
-    for match in re.finditer(
-            r"case\s+(\d+):(?:\s*o\s*=\s*(\d+))?", page):
+    for match in util.re_compile(
+            r"case\s+(\d+):(?:\s*o\s*=\s*(\d+))?").finditer(page):
         key, value = match.groups()
         keys.append(int(key))
 
@@ -268,11 +267,11 @@ def _parse_gg(extr):
                 m[key] = value
             keys.clear()
 
-    for match in re.finditer(
-            r"if\s+\(g\s*===?\s*(\d+)\)[\s{]*o\s*=\s*(\d+)", page):
+    for match in util.re_compile(
+            r"if\s+\(g\s*===?\s*(\d+)\)[\s{]*o\s*=\s*(\d+)").finditer(page):
         m[int(match.group(1))] = int(match.group(2))
 
-    d = re.search(r"(?:var\s|default:)\s*o\s*=\s*(\d+)", page)
-    b = re.search(r"b:\s*[\"'](.+)[\"']", page)
+    d = util.re_compile(r"(?:var\s|default:)\s*o\s*=\s*(\d+)").search(page)
+    b = util.re_compile(r"b:\s*[\"'](.+)[\"']").search(page)
 
     return m, b.group(1).strip("/"), int(d.group(1)) if d else 0
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/imagebam.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/imagebam.py
index b4ba597f..504dee64 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/imagebam.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/imagebam.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://www.imagebam.com/"""
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message
-from .. import text
-import re
+from .. import text, util
 
 
 class ImagebamExtractor(Extractor):
@@ -70,9 +69,8 @@ class ImagebamGalleryExtractor(ImagebamExtractor):
             page, 'id="gallery-name">', '<').strip())}
 
     def images(self, page):
-        findall = re.compile(r'<a href="https://www\.imagebam\.com'
-                             r'(/(?:image/|view/M)[a-zA-Z0-9]+)').findall
-
+        findall = util.re(r'<a href="https://www\.imagebam\.com'
+                          r'(/(?:image/|view/M)[a-zA-Z0-9]+)').findall
         paths = []
         while True:
             paths += findall(page)
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/imgbox.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/imgbox.py
index 70697179..585c2b86 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/imgbox.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/imgbox.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://imgbox.com/"""
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message, AsynchronousMixin
-from .. import text, exception
-import re
+from .. import text, util, exception
 
 
 class ImgboxExtractor(Extractor):
@@ -74,7 +73,8 @@ class ImgboxGalleryExtractor(AsynchronousMixin, ImgboxExtractor):
         page = self.request(self.root + "/g/" + self.gallery_key).text
         if "The specified gallery could not be found." in page:
             raise exception.NotFoundError("gallery")
-        self.image_keys = re.findall(r'<a href="/([^"]+)"><img alt="', page)
+        self.image_keys = util.re(
+            r'<a href="/([^"]+)"><img alt="').findall(page)
 
         title = text.extr(page, "<h1>", "</h1>")
         title, _, count = title.rpartition(" - ")
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/instagram.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/instagram.py
index 21bd0594..46b913e8 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/instagram.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/instagram.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ from .. import text, util, exception
 from ..cache import cache, memcache
 import itertools
 import binascii
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?instagram\.com"
 USER_PATTERN = BASE_PATTERN + r"/(?!(?:p|tv|reel|explore|stories)/)([^/?#]+)"
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ class InstagramExtractor(Extractor):
     def _init(self):
         self.www_claim = "0"
         self.csrf_token = util.generate_token()
-        self._find_tags = re.compile(r"#\w+").findall
+        self._find_tags = util.re(r"#\w+").findall
         self._logged_in = True
         self._cursor = None
         self._user = None
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/kemono.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/kemono.py
index 1a2b3a36..4853825f 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/kemono.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/kemono.py
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ from .. import text, util, exception
 from ..cache import cache, memcache
 import itertools
 import json
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|beta\.)?(kemono|coomer)\.(su|party)"
 USER_PATTERN = BASE_PATTERN + r"/([^/?#]+)/user/([^/?#]+)"
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ class KemonoExtractor(Extractor):
         order = self.config("order-revisions")
         self.revisions_reverse = order[0] in ("r", "a") if order else False
 
-        self._find_inline = re.compile(
+        self._find_inline = util.re(
             r'src="(?:https?://(?:kemono|coomer)\.su)?(/inline/[^"]+'
             r'|/[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{64}\.[^"]+)').findall
         self._json_dumps = json.JSONEncoder(
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ class KemonoExtractor(Extractor):
             sort_keys=True, separators=(",", ":")).encode
 
     def items(self):
-        find_hash = re.compile(HASH_PATTERN).match
+        find_hash = util.re(HASH_PATTERN).match
         generators = self._build_file_generators(self.config("files"))
         announcements = True if self.config("announcements") else None
         archives = True if self.config("archives") else False
@@ -409,10 +408,10 @@ class KemonoDiscordExtractor(KemonoExtractor):
             "parent_id"    : channel["parent_channel_id"],
         }
 
-        find_inline = re.compile(
+        find_inline = util.re(
             r"https?://(?:cdn\.discordapp.com|media\.discordapp\.net)"
             r"(/[A-Za-z0-9-._~:/?#\[\]@!$&'()*+,;%=]+)").findall
-        find_hash = re.compile(HASH_PATTERN).match
+        find_hash = util.re(HASH_PATTERN).match
 
         posts = self.api.discord_channel(channel_id)
         max_posts = self.config("max-posts")
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/komikcast.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/komikcast.py
index 89a1b5e2..e4119fc2 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/komikcast.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/komikcast.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://komikcast.la/"""
 
 from .common import ChapterExtractor, MangaExtractor
-from .. import text
-import re
+from .. import text, util
 
 BASE_PATTERN = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?"
                 r"komikcast\.(?:la|cz|lol|site|mo?e|com)")
@@ -24,13 +23,11 @@ class KomikcastBase():
     @staticmethod
     def parse_chapter_string(chapter_string, data=None):
         """Parse 'chapter_string' value and add its info to 'data'"""
-        if not data:
+        if data is None:
             data = {}
 
-        match = re.match(
-            r"(?:(.*) Chapter )?0*(\d+)([^ ]*)(?: (?:- )?(.+))?",
-            text.unescape(chapter_string),
-        )
+        pattern = util.re(r"(?:(.*) Chapter )?0*(\d+)([^ ]*)(?: (?:- )?(.+))?")
+        match = pattern.match(text.unescape(chapter_string))
         manga, chapter, data["chapter_minor"], title = match.groups()
 
         if manga:
@@ -59,9 +56,10 @@ class KomikcastChapterExtractor(KomikcastBase, ChapterExtractor):
     def images(page):
         readerarea = text.extr(
             page, '<div class="main-reading-area', '</div')
+        pattern = util.re(r"<img[^>]* src=[\"']([^\"']+)")
         return [
             (text.unescape(url), None)
-            for url in re.findall(r"<img[^>]* src=[\"']([^\"']+)", readerarea)
+            for url in pattern.findall(readerarea)
         ]
 
 
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/mangahere.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/mangahere.py
index 8c94f048..7cab7f61 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/mangahere.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/mangahere.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://www.mangahere.cc/"""
 
 from .common import ChapterExtractor, MangaExtractor
-from .. import text
-import re
+from .. import text, util
 
 
 class MangahereBase():
@@ -104,8 +103,8 @@ class MangahereMangaExtractor(MangahereBase, MangaExtractor):
             info, pos = text.extract(page, 'class="title3">', '<', pos)
             date, pos = text.extract(page, 'class="title2">', '<', pos)
 
-            match = re.match(
-                r"(?:Vol\.0*(\d+) )?Ch\.0*(\d+)(\S*)(?: - (.*))?", info)
+            match = util.re(
+                r"(?:Vol\.0*(\d+) )?Ch\.0*(\d+)(\S*)(?: - (.*))?").match(info)
             if match:
                 volume, chapter, minor, title = match.groups()
             else:
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/mangapark.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/mangapark.py
index b11f81de..1fb091c2 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/mangapark.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/mangapark.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 from .common import ChapterExtractor, Extractor, Message
 from .. import text, util, exception
 from ..cache import memcache
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?(?:"
                 r"(?:manga|comic|read)park\.(?:com|net|org|me|io|to)|"
@@ -22,17 +21,14 @@ BASE_PATTERN = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?(?:"
 class MangaparkBase():
     """Base class for mangapark extractors"""
     category = "mangapark"
-    _match_title = None
 
     def _parse_chapter_title(self, title):
-        if not self._match_title:
-            MangaparkBase._match_title = re.compile(
-                r"(?i)"
-                r"(?:vol(?:\.|ume)?\s*(\d+)\s*)?"
-                r"ch(?:\.|apter)?\s*(\d+)([^\s:]*)"
-                r"(?:\s*:\s*(.*))?"
-            ).match
-        match = self._match_title(title)
+        match = util.re(
+            r"(?i)"
+            r"(?:vol(?:\.|ume)?\s*(\d+)\s*)?"
+            r"ch(?:\.|apter)?\s*(\d+)([^\s:]*)"
+            r"(?:\s*:\s*(.*))?"
+        ).match(title)
         return match.groups() if match else (0, 0, "", "")
 
     @memcache(keyarg=1)
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/mangaread.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/mangaread.py
index 6970b4f8..23a3f7cd 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/mangaread.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/mangaread.py
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://mangaread.org/"""
 
 from .common import ChapterExtractor, MangaExtractor
-from .. import text, exception
-import re
+from .. import text, util, exception
 
 
 class MangareadBase():
@@ -18,9 +17,9 @@ class MangareadBase():
 
     @staticmethod
     def parse_chapter_string(chapter_string, data):
-        match = re.match(
-            r"(?:(.+)\s*-\s*)?[Cc]hapter\s*(\d+)(\.\d+)?(?:\s*-\s*(.+))?",
-            text.unescape(chapter_string).strip())
+        match = util.re(
+            r"(?:(.+)\s*-\s*)?[Cc]hapter\s*(\d+)(\.\d+)?(?:\s*-\s*(.+))?"
+        ).match(text.unescape(chapter_string).strip())
         manga, chapter, minor, title = match.groups()
         manga = manga.strip() if manga else ""
         data["manga"] = data.pop("manga", manga)
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/moebooru.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/moebooru.py
index 9fd66e2f..8186d2e0 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/moebooru.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/moebooru.py
@@ -9,11 +9,9 @@
 """Extractors for Moebooru based sites"""
 
 from .booru import BooruExtractor
-from .. import text
-
+from .. import text, util
 import collections
 import datetime
-import re
 
 
 class MoebooruExtractor(BooruExtractor):
@@ -36,7 +34,7 @@ class MoebooruExtractor(BooruExtractor):
             return
 
         tags = collections.defaultdict(list)
-        pattern = re.compile(r"tag-type-([^\"' ]+).*?[?;]tags=([^\"'+]+)")
+        pattern = util.re(r"tag-type-([^\"' ]+).*?[?;]tags=([^\"'+]+)")
         for tag_type, tag_name in pattern.findall(tag_container):
             tags[tag_type].append(text.unquote(tag_name))
         for key, value in tags.items():
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/newgrounds.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/newgrounds.py
index f586401b..1bf750a8 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/newgrounds.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/newgrounds.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ from .common import Extractor, Message, Dispatch
 from .. import text, util, exception
 from ..cache import cache
 import itertools
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?newgrounds\.com"
 USER_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?([\w-]+)\.newgrounds\.com"
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ class NewgroundsExtractor(Extractor):
         self.user_root = "https://{}.newgrounds.com".format(self.user)
 
     def _init(self):
-        self._extract_comment_urls = re.compile(
+        self._extract_comment_urls = util.re(
             r'(?:<img |data-smartload-)src="([^"]+)').findall
         self.flash = self.config("flash", True)
 
@@ -322,7 +321,7 @@ class NewgroundsExtractor(Extractor):
 
     def _video_formats(self, sources):
         src = sources["360p"][0]["src"]
-        sub = re.compile(r"\.360p\.\w+").sub
+        sub = util.re(r"\.360p\.\w+").sub
 
         for fmt in self.format:
             try:
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/pillowfort.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/pillowfort.py
index 5749240d..48ecf895 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/pillowfort.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/pillowfort.py
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message
 from ..cache import cache
-from .. import text, exception
-import re
+from .. import text, util, exception
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?www\.pillowfort\.social"
 
@@ -37,8 +36,8 @@ class PillowfortExtractor(Extractor):
         external = self.config("external", False)
 
         if inline:
-            inline = re.compile(r'src="(https://img\d+\.pillowfort\.social'
-                                r'/posts/[^"]+)').findall
+            inline = util.re(r'src="(https://img\d+\.pillowfort\.social'
+                             r'/posts/[^"]+)').findall
 
         for post in self.posts():
             if "original_post" in post and not reblogs:
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/pixiv.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/pixiv.py
index 8640bbfb..98c8ee16 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/pixiv.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/pixiv.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ from ..cache import cache, memcache
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 import itertools
 import hashlib
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?ph?ixiv\.net"
 USER_PATTERN = BASE_PATTERN + r"/(?:en/)?users/(\d+)"
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ class PixivExtractor(Extractor):
         self.meta_captions = self.config("captions")
 
         if self.meta_captions:
-            self.meta_captions_sub = re.compile(
+            self.meta_captions_sub = util.re(
                 r'<a href="/jump\.php\?([^"]+)').sub
 
     def items(self):
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/plurk.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/plurk.py
index 0bacd54f..dd76725c 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/plurk.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/plurk.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 from .common import Extractor, Message
 from .. import text, util, exception
 import datetime
-import re
 
 
 class PlurkExtractor(Extractor):
@@ -64,7 +63,8 @@ class PlurkExtractor(Extractor):
     def _load(data):
         if not data:
             raise exception.NotFoundError("user")
-        return util.json_loads(re.sub(r"new Date\(([^)]+)\)", r"\1", data))
+        return util.json_loads(
+            util.re(r"new Date\(([^)]+)\)").sub(r"\1", data))
 
 
 class PlurkTimelineExtractor(PlurkExtractor):
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/postmill.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/postmill.py
index 6ea18e62..e4f13d85 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/postmill.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/postmill.py
@@ -6,9 +6,8 @@
 
 """Extractors for Postmill instances"""
 
-import re
 from .common import BaseExtractor, Message
-from .. import text, exception
+from .. import text, util, exception
 
 
 class PostmillExtractor(BaseExtractor):
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@ class PostmillExtractor(BaseExtractor):
     def _init(self):
         self.instance = self.root.partition("://")[2]
         self.save_link_post_body = self.config("save-link-post-body", False)
-        self._search_canonical_url = re.compile(r"/f/([\w\d_]+)/(\d+)/").search
-        self._search_image_tag = re.compile(
+        self._search_canonical_url = util.re(r"/f/([\w\d_]+)/(\d+)/").search
+        self._search_image_tag = util.re(
             r'<a href="[^"]+"\n +class="submission__image-link"').search
 
     def items(self):
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/realbooru.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/realbooru.py
index ab8a9b12..a27e0918 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/realbooru.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/realbooru.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 from . import booru
 from .. import text, util
 import collections
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?realbooru\.com"
 
@@ -72,8 +71,7 @@ class RealbooruExtractor(booru.BooruExtractor):
         page = post["_html"]
         tag_container = text.extr(page, 'id="tagLink"', '</div>')
         tags = collections.defaultdict(list)
-        pattern = re.compile(
-            r'<a class="(?:tag-type-)?([^"]+).*?;tags=([^"&]+)')
+        pattern = util.re(r'<a class="(?:tag-type-)?([^"]+).*?;tags=([^"&]+)')
         for tag_type, tag_name in pattern.findall(tag_container):
             tags[tag_type].append(text.unescape(text.unquote(tag_name)))
         for key, value in tags.items():
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/recursive.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/recursive.py
index 1883bbce..2fec3e29 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/recursive.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/recursive.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 """Recursive extractor"""
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message
-from .. import text
-import re
+from .. import text, util
 
 
 class RecursiveExtractor(Extractor):
@@ -28,5 +27,5 @@ class RecursiveExtractor(Extractor):
         else:
             page = self.request(text.ensure_http_scheme(url)).text
 
-        for match in re.finditer(r"https?://[^\s\"']+", page):
+        for match in util.re(r"https?://[^\s\"']+").finditer(page):
             yield Message.Queue, match.group(0), {}
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/rule34us.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/rule34us.py
index 60c1c350..125437e0 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/rule34us.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/rule34us.py
@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@
 """Extractors for https://rule34.us/"""
 
 from .booru import BooruExtractor
-from .. import text
+from .. import text, util
 import collections
-import re
 
 
 class Rule34usExtractor(BooruExtractor):
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ class Rule34usExtractor(BooruExtractor):
     per_page = 42
 
     def _init(self):
-        self._find_tags = re.compile(
+        self._find_tags = util.re(
             r'<li class="([^-"]+)-tag"[^>]*><a href="[^;"]+;q=([^"]+)').findall
 
     def _parse_post(self, post_id):
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/sankaku.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/sankaku.py
index f9f96e62..0d89c5c6 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/sankaku.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/sankaku.py
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ from .common import Message
 from .. import text, util, exception
 from ..cache import cache
 import collections
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?" \
     r"(?:(?:chan|www|beta|black|white)\.sankakucomplex\.com|sankaku\.app)" \
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ class SankakuExtractor(BooruExtractor):
         self.api = SankakuAPI(self)
         if self.config("tags") == "extended":
             self._tags = self._tags_extended
-            self._tags_findall = re.compile(
+            self._tags_findall = util.re(
                 r"tag-type-([^\"' ]+).*?\?tags=([^\"'&]+)").findall
 
     def _file_url(self, post):
@@ -130,11 +129,11 @@ class SankakuTagExtractor(SankakuExtractor):
 
         if "date:" in self.tags:
             # rewrite 'date:' tags (#1790)
-            self.tags = re.sub(
-                r"date:(\d\d)[.-](\d\d)[.-](\d\d\d\d)(?!T)",
+            self.tags = util.re(
+                r"date:(\d\d)[.-](\d\d)[.-](\d\d\d\d)(?!T)").sub(
                 r"date:\3-\2-\1T00:00", self.tags)
-            self.tags = re.sub(
-                r"date:(\d\d\d\d)[.-](\d\d)[.-](\d\d)(?!T)",
+            self.tags = util.re(
+                r"date:(\d\d\d\d)[.-](\d\d)[.-](\d\d)(?!T)").sub(
                 r"date:\1-\2-\3T00:00", self.tags)
 
     def metadata(self):
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/sankakucomplex.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/sankakucomplex.py
index 50c21e35..eeb8bdce 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/sankakucomplex.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/sankakucomplex.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message
 from .. import text, util
-import re
 
 
 class SankakucomplexExtractor(Extractor):
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ class SankakucomplexArticleExtractor(SankakucomplexExtractor):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _extract_images(content):
-        orig_sub = re.compile(r"-\d+x\d+\.").sub
+        orig_sub = util.re(r"-\d+x\d+\.").sub
         return [
             orig_sub(".", url) for url in
             util.unique(text.extract_iter(content, 'data-lazy-src="', '"'))
@@ -74,13 +73,13 @@ class SankakucomplexArticleExtractor(SankakucomplexExtractor):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _extract_videos(content):
-        return re.findall(r"<source [^>]*src=[\"']([^\"']+)", content)
+        return util.re(r"<source [^>]*src=[\"']([^\"']+)").findall(content)
 
     @staticmethod
     def _extract_embeds(content):
         return [
             "ytdl:" + url for url in
-            re.findall(r"<iframe [^>]*src=[\"']([^\"']+)", content)
+            util.re(r"<iframe [^>]*src=[\"']([^\"']+)").findall(content)
         ]
 
 
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/speakerdeck.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/speakerdeck.py
index 3210fd8b..bae27262 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/speakerdeck.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/speakerdeck.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://speakerdeck.com/"""
 
 from .common import GalleryExtractor
-from .. import text
-import re
+from .. import text, util
 
 
 class SpeakerdeckPresentationExtractor(GalleryExtractor):
@@ -48,7 +47,8 @@ class SpeakerdeckPresentationExtractor(GalleryExtractor):
 
     def images(self, _):
         url = "{}/player/{}".format(self.root, self.presentation_id)
-        page = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", self.request(url).text)
+        page = self.request(url).text
+        page = util.re(r"\s+").sub(" ", page)
         return [
             (url, None)
             for url in text.extract_iter(page, 'js-sd-slide" data-url="', '"')
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/subscribestar.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/subscribestar.py
index 057e87a2..9456eca1 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/subscribestar.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/subscribestar.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 from .common import Extractor, Message
 from .. import text, util, exception
 from ..cache import cache
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?subscribestar\.(com|adult)"
 
@@ -158,8 +157,8 @@ class SubscribestarExtractor(Extractor):
         attachments = text.extr(
             html, 'class="uploads-docs"', 'class="post-edit_form"')
         if attachments:
-            for att in re.split(
-                    r'class="doc_preview[" ]', attachments)[1:]:
+            for att in util.re(r'class="doc_preview[" ]').split(
+                    attachments)[1:]:
                 media.append({
                     "id"  : text.parse_int(text.extr(
                         att, 'data-upload-id="', '"')),
@@ -172,8 +171,8 @@ class SubscribestarExtractor(Extractor):
         audios = text.extr(
             html, 'class="uploads-audios"', 'class="post-edit_form"')
         if audios:
-            for audio in re.split(
-                    r'class="audio_preview-data[" ]', audios)[1:]:
+            for audio in util.re(r'class="audio_preview-data[" ]').split(
+                    audios)[1:]:
                 media.append({
                     "id"  : text.parse_int(text.extr(
                         audio, 'data-upload-id="', '"')),
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/tumblr.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/tumblr.py
index a2cce836..312a344d 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/tumblr.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/tumblr.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 from .common import Extractor, Message
 from .. import text, util, oauth, exception
 from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
-import re
 
 
 BASE_PATTERN = (
@@ -66,16 +65,16 @@ class TumblrExtractor(Extractor):
         blog = None
 
         # pre-compile regular expressions
-        self._sub_video = re.compile(
+        self._sub_video = util.re(
             r"https?://((?:vt|vtt|ve)(?:\.media)?\.tumblr\.com"
             r"/tumblr_[^_]+)_\d+\.([0-9a-z]+)").sub
         if self.inline:
-            self._sub_image = re.compile(
+            self._sub_image = util.re(
                 r"https?://(\d+\.media\.tumblr\.com(?:/[0-9a-f]+)?"
                 r"/tumblr(?:_inline)?_[^_]+)_\d+\.([0-9a-z]+)").sub
-            self._subn_orig_image = re.compile(r"/s\d+x\d+/").subn
-            _findall_image = re.compile('<img src="([^"]+)"').findall
-            _findall_video = re.compile('<source src="([^"]+)"').findall
+            self._subn_orig_image = util.re(r"/s\d+x\d+/").subn
+            _findall_image = util.re('<img src="([^"]+)"').findall
+            _findall_video = util.re('<source src="([^"]+)"').findall
 
         for post in self.posts():
             if self.date_min > post["timestamp"]:
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/vk.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/vk.py
index ea034a79..6b51556f 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/vk.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/vk.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 """Extractors for https://vk.com/"""
 
 from .common import Extractor, Message
-from .. import text, exception
-import re
+from .. import text, util, exception
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https://)?(?:www\.|m\.)?vk\.com"
 
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ class VkExtractor(Extractor):
         return num
 
     def items(self):
-        sub = re.compile(r"/imp[fg]/").sub
+        sub = util.re(r"/imp[fg]/").sub
         sizes = "wzyxrqpo"
 
         data = self.metadata()
diff --git a/gallery_dl/extractor/zerochan.py b/gallery_dl/extractor/zerochan.py
index 0ad73c05..d8b87c68 100644
--- a/gallery_dl/extractor/zerochan.py
+++ b/gallery_dl/extractor/zerochan.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ from .booru import BooruExtractor
 from ..cache import cache
 from .. import text, util, exception
 import collections
-import re
 
 BASE_PATTERN = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?zerochan\.net"
 
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ class ZerochanExtractor(BooruExtractor):
         return data
 
     def _parse_json(self, txt):
-        txt = re.sub(r"[\x00-\x1f\x7f]", "", txt)
+        txt = util.re(r"[\x00-\x1f\x7f]").sub("", txt)
         main, _, tags = txt.partition('tags": [')
 
         item = {}
diff --git a/test/results/aryion.py b/test/results/aryion.py
index 113a4d95..1af48c5f 100644
--- a/test/results/aryion.py
+++ b/test/results/aryion.py
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ __tests__ = (
     "views"      : int,
     "favorites"  : int,
     "comments"   : int,
-    "_mtime"     : "Sat, 16 Feb 2019 19:30:34 GMT",
+    "_http_lastmodified": "Sat, 16 Feb 2019 19:30:34 GMT",
 },
 
 {
diff --git a/test/results/batoto.py b/test/results/batoto.py
index f52adea2..33d4a998 100644
--- a/test/results/batoto.py
+++ b/test/results/batoto.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ from gallery_dl import exception
 __tests__ = (
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/86408-i-shall-master-this-family-official/1681030-ch_8",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
     "#count"   : 66,
 
@@ -33,7 +32,6 @@ __tests__ = (
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/104929-86-eighty-six-official/1943513-vol_1-ch_5",
     "#comment" : "volume (vol) in url",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
     "#count"   : 7,
 
@@ -46,7 +44,6 @@ __tests__ = (
 {
     "#url"     : "https://mto.to/chapter/2584460",
     "#comment" : "'-' in manga title (#5200)",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 
     "chapter"   : 9,
@@ -64,7 +61,6 @@ __tests__ = (
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/90710-new-suitor-for-the-abandoned-wife/2089747-ch_76",
     "#comment" : "duplicate info in chapter_minor / title (#5988)",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 
     "chapter"      : 76,
@@ -76,7 +72,6 @@ __tests__ = (
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/115494-today-with-you/2631897-ch_38",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 
     "chapter"       : 37,
@@ -94,20 +89,17 @@ __tests__ = (
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/chapter/1681030",
     "#comment" : "v2 URL",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/113742-futsutsuka-na-akujo-de-wa-gozaimasu-ga-suuguu-chouso-torikae-den-official",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "manga"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoMangaExtractor,
     "#options" : {"domain": "xbato.org"},
     "#count"   : ">= 21",
@@ -122,7 +114,6 @@ __tests__ = (
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/104929-86-eighty-six-official",
     "#comment" : "Manga with number in name",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "manga"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoMangaExtractor,
     "#count"   : ">= 18",
 
@@ -132,7 +123,6 @@ __tests__ = (
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/140046-the-grand-duke-s-fox-princess-mgchan",
     "#comment" : "Non-English translation (Indonesian)",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "manga"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoMangaExtractor,
     "#count"   : ">= 29",
 
@@ -142,149 +132,130 @@ __tests__ = (
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/134270-removed",
     "#comment" : "Deleted/removed manga",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "manga"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoMangaExtractor,
     "#exception": exception.StopExtraction,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/title/86408-i-shall-master-this-family-official",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "manga"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoMangaExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://bato.to/series/86408/i-shall-master-this-family-official",
     "#comment" : "v2 URL",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "manga"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoMangaExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://dto.to/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
+    "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
+},
+{
+    "#url"     : "https://fto.to/title/86408/1681030",
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://hto.to/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
+    "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
+},
+{
+    "#url"     : "https://jto.to/title/86408/1681030",
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://mto.to/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://wto.to/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://mangatoto.com/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://mangatoto.net/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://mangatoto.org/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://batocomic.com/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://batocomic.net/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://batocomic.org/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://readtoto.com/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://readtoto.net/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://readtoto.org/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://xbato.com/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://xbato.net/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://xbato.org/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://zbato.com/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://zbato.net/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://zbato.org/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://comiko.net/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://comiko.org/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
 {
     "#url"     : "https://batotoo.com/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://batotwo.com/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 {
     "#url"     : "https://battwo.com/title/86408/1681030",
-    "#category": ("", "batoto", "chapter"),
     "#class"   : batoto.BatotoChapterExtractor,
 },
 
diff --git a/test/results/hitomi.py b/test/results/hitomi.py
index dbd82b33..4c64460e 100644
--- a/test/results/hitomi.py
+++ b/test/results/hitomi.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ __tests__ = (
     "extension" : "avif",
     "filename"  : str,
     "gallery_id": 1615823,
-    "group"     : [],
+    "group"     : ["mofumofuen"],
     "lang"      : "ja",
     "language"  : "Japanese",
     "num"       : range(1, 22),
diff --git a/test/results/mangaread.py b/test/results/mangaread.py
index 4330a13d..1c5e9a35 100644
--- a/test/results/mangaread.py
+++ b/test/results/mangaread.py
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ __tests__ = (
     "#url"     : "https://www.mangaread.org/manga/doesnotexist",
     "#category": ("", "mangaread", "manga"),
     "#class"   : mangaread.MangareadMangaExtractor,
-    "#exception": exception.HttpError,
+    "#exception": exception.NotFoundError,
 },
 
 )
diff --git a/test/results/realbooru.py b/test/results/realbooru.py
index a39c5eff..c7d1c886 100644
--- a/test/results/realbooru.py
+++ b/test/results/realbooru.py
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ __tests__ = (
     "#category": ("booru", "realbooru", "pool"),
     "#class"   : realbooru.RealbooruPoolExtractor,
     "#urls"    : (
-        "https://realbooru.com//images/bf/d6/bfd682f338691e5254de796040fcba21.mp4",
-        "https://realbooru.com//images/cb/7d/cb7d921673ba99f688031ac554777695.mp4",
-        "https://realbooru.com//images/9e/14/9e140edc1cb2e4cc734ba5bdc4870955.mp4",
+        "https://video-cdn.realbooru.com//images/bf/d6/bfd682f338691e5254de796040fcba21.mp4",
+        "https://video-cdn.realbooru.com//images/cb/7d/cb7d921673ba99f688031ac554777695.mp4",
+        "https://video-cdn.realbooru.com//images/9e/14/9e140edc1cb2e4cc734ba5bdc4870955.mp4",
     ),
 },
 
diff --git a/test/results/sankaku.py b/test/results/sankaku.py
index 471d8746..1c2f3949 100644
--- a/test/results/sankaku.py
+++ b/test/results/sankaku.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ __tests__ = (
     "#url"     : "https://sankaku.app/?tags=bonocho",
     "#category": ("booru", "sankaku", "tag"),
     "#class"   : sankaku.SankakuTagExtractor,
-    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/data/[^/]{2}/[^/]{2}/[0-9a-f]{32}\.\w+\?e=\d+&(expires=\d+&)?m=[^&#]+",
+    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/o/[^/]{2}/[^/]{2}/[0-9a-f]{32}\.\w+\?e=\d+&(expires=\d+&)?m=[^&#]+",
     "#count"   : 5,
 },
 
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ __tests__ = (
     "#comment" : "legacy post URL",
     "#category": ("booru", "sankaku", "post"),
     "#class"   : sankaku.SankakuPostExtractor,
-    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/data/ac/8e/ac8e3b92ea328ce9cf7211e69c905bf9\.jpg\?e=.+",
+    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/o/ac/8e/ac8e3b92ea328ce9cf7211e69c905bf9\.jpg\?e=.+",
 
     #  "id": 360451,
     "id": "y0abGlDOr2o",
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ __tests__ = (
     "#category": ("booru", "sankaku", "post"),
     "#class"   : sankaku.SankakuPostExtractor,
     "#auth"    : True,
-    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/data/13/3c/133cda3bfde249c504284493903fb985\.jpg",
+    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/o/13/3c/133cda3bfde249c504284493903fb985\.jpg",
 
     "md5": "133cda3bfde249c504284493903fb985",
 },
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ __tests__ = (
     "#comment" : "md5 hexdigest instead of ID (#3952)",
     "#category": ("booru", "sankaku", "post"),
     "#class"   : sankaku.SankakuPostExtractor,
-    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/data/f8/ba/f8ba89043078f0e4be2d9c46550b840a\.jpg",
+    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/o/f8/ba/f8ba89043078f0e4be2d9c46550b840a\.jpg",
     "#count"   : 1,
 
     #  "id" : 33195194,
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ __tests__ = (
     "#comment" : "/posts/ instead of /post/show/ (#4688)",
     "#category": ("booru", "sankaku", "post"),
     "#class"   : sankaku.SankakuPostExtractor,
-    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/data/f8/ba/f8ba89043078f0e4be2d9c46550b840a\.jpg",
+    "#pattern" : r"https://s\.sankakucomplex\.com/o/f8/ba/f8ba89043078f0e4be2d9c46550b840a\.jpg",
     "#count"   : 1,
 
     #  "id" : 33195194,